Basic electronic
Electrical
Branch of science in which study the flow of electron is single medium is know as electronics.
for example :- A conductor wire
- Device
1. Electrical bulb
2. Heater
- These devices directly operate on AC current.
- This is not story in battery
Electronics
Branch of science in which study the flow of electron in different media is know as electronics
for example :- Semi-conductor
- Device
1. Radio, TV, Mobile, Computer etc
- These devices operate on DC current.
- This is store in battery
There are some term related to electronics those must be known
1. Current
2. Voltage
3. Resistance
4. Potential different
5. Atom
6. Ohm's law
Current
- Flow of electron is know as current.
- Unit (AMP)
- Denoted by " I " letter
- Measuring device - Ammeter
- Connection series
- Load must required
- Circuit
Note:- Ammeter se current ka unit measure karne ke liye L ya N dono me se kishi ek wire me Ammeter ko wire kaat ke lagana hoga tabhi hum current ka unit measure kar sakte hai
Type of current
There are two type of current
1. AC current (alternative current )
2. DC current (direct current)
- current ko flow karne k liye voltage ka hona jaruri hai
1. AC (alternative current )
- Alternative current such type of current in which amplitude of signal vary or change according to time period is know as AC.
2. DC (direct current )
- Direct current such type of current in which amplitude of signal does not vary or change according to time to time period is know as DC.
NOTE:- 1. AC 220v / 230v in India. Frequency 50 HZ
2. AC 110v / 115v in out of India. Frequency 60 HZ
Voltage
An electromotive force ( E.M.F ) that move the electron is knows as voltage.
* Unit - Volt
* Denoted by " V " or " E " letter
* Measuring device - Voltmeter
* Connection - Parallel
* Circuit
NOTE :- Load does't require during measuring volt.
Resistance
* Property of substances that oppose the flow of electron is know as resistance.
* Unit - ohm
* Denoted by " R " letter
* Measuring device - ohm meter
* Connection - parallel
* Circuit.
Resistance matlab bandh
NOTE:- Resistance power ko hames control me rakhta hai current ka registance current k voltage ko badhne nahi deta hai.
Potential difference
* Difference of potential difference between two poles or conductors is know as potential difference.
* Without potential difference ( PD ) electron can 't pass.
* Unit - Volt
Atom
The smallest part of an element is know as ATOM.
ATOM consist three parts
1. Electron ( - ) negative charge
2. Proton ( + ) positive charge
3. Neutron ( 0 ) no charge
Ohm's law
Ohm's law Voltage - Current - Resistance k sambhand ko show karta hai.
* Directly proportional :- Voltage bhadega to current bhi badhega
* Universal proportional :- Resistance bhadega current kaam hoga voltage ko constant ar diya jaye resistance current ko ghata dega.
- This law discover by German scientists G.S ohm.
- Ohm's law shows the relationship between current voltage and resistance
for example :-
that law which state the relationship between current voltage and resistance is know as Ohm's law.
According to Ohm's law
* Current is Directly proportional to voltage if resistance is constant in the circuit.
* Resistance constant hoga aur voltage ko badaya jaye to current bhe bhadega
Ohm's law practical circuit diagram of Ohm's law
* Circuit load - 1 k ohm
* Voltmeter - parallel connection
* Ammeter - Connect in series by which measuring current ( isme ammeter series me current measure karta hai )
* Voltmeter - By which measure volt
* Supply Power - Variable power supply 1 v to 10 v ( 1 v -10 v tak power ko bada ghata sakte hai )
Ohm's law formula
V - Voltage
I - Current
R - Resistance
V
------------------- ( Ohm's law formula )
I x R
i) V
R = ------ ( Resistance formula )
I
ii) V
I = ------ ( Current formula )
R
iii) V = I x R ( Voltage formula )
CURRENT MEASURING
V (voltage)
----------------
(watt) W x I (current)
W (watt)
Ampere = --------------------------------
(current) I x V (voltage)
note :- i) Consumption ya to watt me hoga ya ampere me hoga.
ii) Ampere ko watt me convert karne k liye ( Watt = Ampere x Voltage )
i) W = I x V
Q. Find watt
I (current) = . 44
V (voltage) = 230
W = I x V
= .44 x 230
= 101.2 (watt)
Q. Find current
W
I = ----------
V
101.2
= ---------------
230
= . 44 ( current )
Question :-
A home in which use 4 bulb 100 watt bulb that glow 10 hours per day if Rs = 6 / unit. change by electricity board find out the 1 month electricity charge. find total consumption in 30 days .
Solution :-
1000 watt = 1 unit
4 (bulb)
100 (watt)
10 (hour glow)
Rs 6 (per unit)
4 x 100 x 10 x 30
Total consumption = --------------------------
1000
= 40 x 3
= 120 (unit)
Rate = 120 x 6
= 720
Rs 720 consumption in 30 days
Question :-
A home in which 4 LED bulb 9 watt glow 10 hours/day Rs 6 unit find out the 1 month electricity bill.
Solution :-
4 x 9 x 10 x 30
= --------------------------
1000
36 x 3
= ---------------
10
108
= -----------------
10
= 10.8 Unit
Rate = 10.8 Unit x Rs 6
= 64.8 Rs (per month electricity bill)
